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Quartzite is a rock consisting of quartz sandstone so thoroughly cemented
with silica that the rock breaks through the grains of sand as easily as around them. It
is distinguished from sandstone not only because it breaks through the grains, but also
because of its vitreous appearance and its hardness; quartzite cannot be scratched with a
knife. The purple to pink color, typical of the Minnesota Sioux Quartzites, is due to
trace amounts of hematite, an oxide of iron.
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